The Indore Bench of Madhya Pradesh High Court has set up a commission comprising a former HC Judge to conduct a probe into the issue of water contamination in the city’s Bhagirathpura, saying the matter requires probe by an independent, credible authority and “urgent judicial scrutiny”. It also directed the panel to submit an interim report after four weeks from the date of commencement of proceedings.
A division Bench of Justices Vijay Kumar Shukla and Alok Awasthi constituted the commission on Tuesday (January 27, 2026) while hearing several Public Interest Litigations (PILs) filed simultaneously over the deaths of several people in Bhagirathpura due to the consumption of contaminated water. The HC reserved the order after hearing all the parties during the day and released it late at night. The State government on Tuesday (January 27, 2026) told the HC that the deaths of 16 persons in Indore’s Bhagirathpura area were possibly linked to a month-long outbreak of vomiting and diarrhoea caused by contaminated drinking water.
Also Read | Toxic taps in India’s ‘cleanest city’: the cost of ignoring water safety
The government presented before the bench an audit report of 23 deaths from the current gastroenteritis epidemic in Bhagirathpura, suggesting that 16 of these fatalities may have been linked to the outbreak of vomiting and diarrhoea caused by contaminated drinking water. The report, prepared by a committee of five experts from the city’s Government Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, stated that the deaths of four persons in Bhagirathpura were unrelated to the outbreak, while no conclusion could be reached regarding the cause of death of three other people in the area.
During the hearing, the High Court sought to know from the State government the scientific basis behind its report. The Bench also expressed surprise at the State government’s use of the term “verbal autopsy” in relation to the report, sarcastically stating that it had heard the term for the first time.The HC expressed concern over the Bhagirathpura case, stating that the situation was “alarming,” and noted that cases of people falling ill due to contaminated drinking water have also been reported in Mhow, near Indore. In its order, the HC said the serious issue concerning contamination of the drinking water supply in the Bhagirathpura area allegedly resulted in widespread health hazards to residents, including children and elderly persons.
Indore water contamination deaths: Blindspotting in India’s cleanest city
According to the petitioners and media reports, the death toll is about 30 so far, but the report depicts only 16 without any basis or record, it said. It is averred that sewage mixing, leakage in the pipeline, and failure of civic authorities to maintain potable water standards have led to the outbreak of water-borne diseases. Photographs, medical reports, and complaints submitted to the authorities prima facie indicate a matter requiring urgent judicial scrutiny, the HC said.
“Considering the gravity of the allegation and affecting the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution of India and the need for an independent fact-finding exercise, the court is of the opinion that the matter requires investigation by an independent, credible authority,” it said. “Accordingly, we appoint Justice Sushil Kumar Gupta, former Judge of the Madhya Pradesh High Court, a one-man commission of inquiry into the issues relating to water contamination in Bhagirathpura, Indore, and its impact on other areas of the city,” the HC added.
As per the order, the commission shall inquire into and submit a report on the cause of contamination — whether the drinking water supplied to Bhagirathpura was contaminated; and the source and nature of contamination (sewage ingress, industrial discharge, pipeline damage, etc). The panel will also probe the number of actual deaths of affected residents on account of contaminated water; find out the nature of disease reported and adequacy of medical response and preventive measures; suggest immediate steps required to ensure safe drinking water, as well as long-term infrastructural and monitoring reforms.
It will also identify and fix responsibility upon the officers and officials found prima facie responsible for the Bhagirathpura water contamination incident, and suggest guidelines for compensation to affected residents, particularly vulnerable sections. The commission shall have powers of a civil court for the purpose of summoning officials and witnesses; calling up records from the government department, hospitals, laboratories and civic bodies; ordering water quality testing through accredited laboratories and conducting spot inspections.
All State authorities involving district administration, Indore Municipal Corporation, public health engineering department and Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board shall extend full co-operation and provide records as sought by the commission, it said. The State government shall provide office space, staff, and logistical support to the commission, it said. During the hearing, the State government also presented a status report to the court in this matter.
According to reports, a total of 454 patients were admitted to local hospitals during the vomiting and diarrhoea outbreak, of whom 441 have been discharged after treatment, and 11 are currently hospitalised. According to officials, due to a leak in the municipal drinking water pipeline in Bhagirathpura, sewage from a toilet was also mixed in the water.
Published – January 28, 2026 10:29 am IST
